@TestExecutionListeners in Spring Test

Written by: Arvind Rai,
Last updated: November 25, 2019
Spring 5
The Spring @TestExecutionListeners is a class level annotation that configures custom TestExecutionListener listeners to be registered with TestContextManager. The TestContextManager is the main entry point into the Spring test context framework. To create custom TestExecutionListener, we need to create a class by implementing TestExecutionListener interface. The @TestExecutionListeners annotation is used in conjunction with @ContextConfiguration.

@TestExecutionListeners Annotation

The @TestExecutionListeners annotation has following optional elements.
inheritListeners: In a test class hierarchy, the inheritListeners element defines whether or not TestExecutionListener from the super class should be inherited. Default value is true.
mergeMode: The mergeMode element is effective only when the test class is not inheriting listeners from the super class. The value of mergeMode can be MERGE_WITH_DEFAULTS and REPLACE_DEFAULTS. In MERGE_WITH_DEFAULTS locally declared listeners are merged with the default listeners. In REPLACE_DEFAULTS locally declared listeners replace the default listeners and this is default.
listeners: Registers implementations of TestExecutionListener interface.
value: Alias of listeners element.


TestExecutionListener Interface

The TestExecutionListener interface provides following default methods that can be overridden in our custom class.
beforeTestClass: Executes before execution of all tests within the class.
prepareTestInstance: Prepares test instances such as injecting dependencies.
beforeTestMethod: Executes before execution of before lifecycle of each test method.
beforeTestExecution: Executes immediately before execution of test method.
afterTestExecution: Executes immediately after execution of test method.
afterTestMethod: Executes after execution of after lifecycle of each test method.
afterTestClass: Executes after execution of all tests within the class.

Spring provides built-in implementations of TestExecutionListener interface such as ServletTestExecutionListener, DirtiesContextTestExecutionListener, TransactionalTestExecutionListener, DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener etc. We can use them as following. 
@ExtendWith(SpringExtension.class)
@ContextConfiguration
@TestExecutionListeners({
    DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.class, DirtiesContextTestExecutionListener.class
})
public class MyAppTest {
         ......
}
Here on this page we will create custom implementations of TestExecutionListener interface and configure them using @TestExecutionListeners annotation in our integration test class.

Technologies Used

Find the technologies being used in our example.
1. Java 11
2. Spring 5.2.0.RELEASE
3. Spring Boot 2.2.0.RELEASE
4. JUnit 5.3.2
5. Maven 3.5.2
6. Eclipse 2018-09

Maven Dependencies

Find the Maven dependencies.
pom.xml 
<parent>
	<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
	<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
	<version>2.2.0.RELEASE</version>
	<relativePath/>
</parent>
<properties>
	<java.version>11</java.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
	<dependency>
		<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
		<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
	</dependency>	
	<dependency>
		<groupId>org.junit.jupiter</groupId>
		<artifactId>junit-jupiter-api</artifactId>
		<version>5.3.2</version>
		<scope>test</scope>
	</dependency>	
	<dependency>
		<groupId>org.junit.jupiter</groupId>
		<artifactId>junit-jupiter-engine</artifactId>
		<version>5.3.2</version>
		<scope>test</scope>
	</dependency>	
	<dependency>
		<groupId>org.junit.jupiter</groupId>
		<artifactId>junit-jupiter-params</artifactId>
		<version>5.3.2</version>
		<scope>test</scope>
	</dependency>		    
	<dependency>
		<groupId>org.junit.platform</groupId>
		<artifactId>junit-platform-launcher</artifactId>
		<version>1.3.2</version>
		<scope>test</scope>
	</dependency>	
	<dependency>
		<groupId>org.hsqldb</groupId>
		<artifactId>hsqldb</artifactId>
		<version>2.5.0</version>
		<scope>test</scope>
	</dependency>
</dependencies>

Complete Example

Find the custom implementations of TestExecutionListener interface.
MyTestExecutionListener 
package com.concretepage;
import org.springframework.test.context.TestContext;
import org.springframework.test.context.TestExecutionListener;

public class MyTestExecutionListener implements TestExecutionListener {
	public void beforeTestClass(TestContext testContext)
            throws Exception {
		System.out.println("--- beforeTestClass ---");
		
	}
	public void prepareTestInstance(TestContext testContext)
            throws Exception {
		System.out.println("--- prepareTestInstance ---");		
	}
	public void beforeTestMethod(TestContext testContext)
            throws Exception {
		System.out.println("--- beforeTestMethod ---");		
	}
	public void beforeTestExecution(TestContext testContext)
            throws Exception {
		System.out.println("--- beforeTestExecution ---");		
	}
	public void afterTestExecution(TestContext testContext)
            throws Exception {
		System.out.println("--- afterTestExecution ---");		
	}
	public void afterTestMethod(TestContext testContext)
            throws Exception {
		System.out.println("--- afterTestMethod ---");		
	} 
	public void afterTestClass(TestContext testContext)
            throws Exception {
		System.out.println("--- afterTestClass ---");			
	}
}
Find the integration test class.
MyAppTest.java 
package com.concretepage;
import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.AfterAll;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.AfterEach;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeAll;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeEach;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.TestInfo;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.extension.ExtendWith;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.TestExecutionListeners;
import org.springframework.test.context.TestExecutionListeners.MergeMode;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit.jupiter.SpringExtension;

@ExtendWith(SpringExtension.class)
@ContextConfiguration
@TestExecutionListeners(listeners = { MyTestExecutionListener.class }, mergeMode = MergeMode.MERGE_WITH_DEFAULTS)
public class MyAppTest {
	@BeforeAll
	static void initAll() {
		System.out.println("---@BeforeAll: Inside initAll---");
	}

	@BeforeEach
	void init(TestInfo testInfo) {
		System.out.println("---@BeforeEach: Inside init--- test: " + testInfo.getDisplayName());
	}

	@Test
	public void testMethod1() {
		assertEquals(true, 30 > 20);
	}

	@Test
	public void testMethod2() {
		assertEquals(true, 10 < 15);
	}

	@AfterEach
	void tearDown(TestInfo testInfo) {
		System.out.println("---@AfterEach: Inside tearDown---");
	}

	@AfterAll
	static void tearDownAll() {
		System.out.println("---@AfterAll: Inside tearDownAll---");
	}
}
Output 
--- beforeTestClass ---
---@BeforeAll: Inside initAll---
--- prepareTestInstance ---
--- beforeTestMethod ---
---@BeforeEach: Inside init--- test: testMethod1()
--- beforeTestExecution ---
--- afterTestExecution ---
---@AfterEach: Inside tearDown---
--- afterTestMethod ---
--- prepareTestInstance ---
--- beforeTestMethod ---
---@BeforeEach: Inside init--- test: testMethod2()
--- beforeTestExecution ---
--- afterTestExecution ---
---@AfterEach: Inside tearDown---
--- afterTestMethod ---
---@AfterAll: Inside tearDownAll---
--- afterTestClass ---
Find the print screen of the output.
@TestExecutionListeners Example in Spring Test

References

Spring testing: @TestExecutionListeners
Annotation Type TestExecutionListeners
Interface TestExecutionListener

Download Source Code

testexecutionlisteners-example-spring-test.zip
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