Lambda Expressions Java 8 Example
March 29, 2014
Lambda Expression Syntax
Lambda Expression Syntax is very easy to read and understand. Lambda Expression Syntax will look like(Argument part) -> Body partFind some example below.
Sample 1: If method takes no argument and printing the message.
() -> System.out.println("Your message");
Sample 2 : If method takes two arguments and do some business logic and returns the value.
(int a, int b) -> a+b;The value of a+b will be returned by the method.
Sample 3: If method takes one argument and do some business logic
(String s) -> s + "Hello World";String will be returned after concatenation.
Environment Setup to Run Lambda Expression Examples
Now we will run some example to understand lambda expression. To run the example we need below software.1. JDK 8
2. NetBeans or Eclipse supporting Java 8. To run the demo I am using NetBeans IDE 8.0
Example 1: Using Runnable with Lambda Expression
In the below example we are running a Runnable thread. Before lambda expression, to achieve runnable thread, we need to define a class which implements Runnable interface to get runnable object. Now see how to achieve using lambda expressions the same object.RunnableDemo.java
package com.concretepage.lambda;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
public class RunnableDemo {
public static void main(String[] args) {
final ExecutorService exService = Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor();
Runnable r = () -> System.out.println("Lambda Expression Test with Runnable");
exService.execute(r);
}
}
Lambda Expression Test with Runnable
Example 2: User defined Functional Interface Example with Lambda Expression
In this example we will create our own functional interface and will see how to use it with lambda expression. Find functional interface.Calculator.java
package com.concretepage.lambda;
public interface Calculator {
public int add(int n1, int n2);
}
CalculatorDemo
package com.concretepage.lambda;
public class CalculatorDemo {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Calculator cal =(int a, int b) -> a+b;
int res = cal.add(5, 6);
System.out.println(res);
}
}
Example 3: Using Comparator with Lambda Expression
Now see Comparator interface how to use with lambda expression to sort the collection containing user defined objects.ComparatorDemo.java
package com.concretepage.lambda;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.Comparator;
import java.util.List;
public class ComparatorDemo {
public static void main(String[] args) {
List<Student> list = new ArrayList();
list.add(new Student("Ram",20));
list.add(new Student("Shyam",22));
list.add(new Student("Kabir",18));
System.out.println("...befor sorting...");
for(Student s : list){
System.out.println(s.getName());
}
//define comparator
Comparator<Student> comp= (Student s1, Student s2) -> s1.getName().compareTo(s2.getName());
Collections.sort(list, comp);
System.out.println("...after sorting...");
for(Student s : list){
System.out.println(s.getName());
}
}
}
Student.java
package com.concretepage.lambda;
public class Student {
private String name;
private int age;
public Student(String name,int age){
this.name = name;
this.age = age;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public int getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setAge(int age) {
this.age = age;
}
}
...befor sorting... Ram Shyam Kabir ...after sorting... Kabir Ram Shyam
Example 4: Using Function Interface to Iterate Collection with Lambda Expression
In java 8 there is java.util.function package introduced. With the help of java.util.function.Function API, we will iterate collection using lambda expression. In Function interface there is apply() method that will be called in user defined function. Suppose we have to create a method for custom print then we will define the method as below.
public String customShow(Function<Student,String> fun){
return fun.apply(this);
}
FunctionDemo.java
package com.concretepage.lambda;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
public class FunctionDemo {
public static void main(String[] args) {
List<Student> list = new ArrayList();
list.add(new Student("Ram",20));
list.add(new Student("Shyam",22));
list.add(new Student("Kabir",18));
for(Student st: list){
System.out.println(st.customShow(s->s.getName()+": "+s.getAge()));
}
}
}
Ram: 20 Shyam: 22 Kabir: 18
